MySQL

常用命令 mysql导出 –skip-extended-insert 跳过多行写入 –skip-quote-names 跳过 ` 表名 –complete-insert 带字段的insert 结构导出 mysqldump -uroot -pxxx \ --default-character-set=utf8 \ --set-gtid-purged=off \ --compact \ --no-data \ --databases xxx \ --tables xxx > $(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S)_struct.sql 数据导出 mysqldump -uroot -pxxx \ --default-character-set=utf8 \ --set-gtid-purged=off \ --compact \ --no-create-info \ --skip-quote-names \ --complete-insert \ --databases xxx \ --tables xxx > $(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S)_data.sql 数据加条件导出 mysqldump -uroot -pxxx \ --default-character-set=utf8 \ --set-gtid-purged=off \ --compact \ --no-create-info \ --skip-quote-names \ --complete-insert \ --databases xxx \ --tables xxx \ --where="sqlxxx"> $(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S)_data.sql 整库备份 # 建表语句+数据 mysqldump -u USER -p -h HOST -B DATABASENAME --single-transaction --default-character-set=utf8 --set-gtid-purged=off > DATABASENAME_$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S).sql binlog日志查看 mysqlbinlog --base64-output=decode-rows -v -v mysql-bin.021530 >021530.sql 慢进程查看 select id,user,host,db,command,time,state,info from information_schema.PROCESSLIST order by time desc; Slave 链接 master 配置 CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='IPADDRESS',MASTER_USER='UserName',MASTER_PASSWORD='PassWord',master_log_file='BinLogFile',master_log_pos=POSITION; 从库扩容备份操作 1. 备份到目标机器: innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --no-timestamp --user=root --password="PassWord" --compress --parallel=4 --compress-threads=4 --stream=xbstream /tmp/backup | ssh root@IPADDRESS "xbstream -x -C /DSTDIR" 2. 从库扩容操作: 目标机器解压 innobackupex --parallel=8 --decompress ./ 目标机器初始化 innobackupex --use-memory=51200M --apply-log ./ 目标机器恢复 innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --copy-back ./2017-08-23_21-23-46/ 清理备份文件 find /var/lib/mysql -name "*.qp" | xargs rm chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql mysql 从库繁忙配置： innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 sync_binlog=1 set global innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0; set global sync_binlog=0; mysql8.0密码更改原生： set global validate_password.policy=0; set global validate_password.length=1; ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'PASSWORD'; ALTER USER 'UserName'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'PassWord'; mysql slave 权限配置： CREATE USER 'rpl'@'172.16.1.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'xxx'; GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'rpl'@'172.16.1.%'; information_schema 表空间优化 碎片大小 = 数据总大小 - 实际表空间文件大小 数据总大小 = Data_length + Index_length = 101842944 实际表空间文件大小 = rows_Avg_row_length = 101177624 碎片大小 = (101842944 - 101177624) / 1024 /1024 = 0.63MB ...